挂式四氢双环戊二烯的合成方法及催化剂的研究进展

介绍了高密度燃料挂式四氢双环戊二烯(exo-THDCPD)的合成方法,包括两步法和一步法。两步法是以双环戊二烯(DCPD)为原料,先经加氢反应得到桥式四氢双环戊二烯(endo-THDCPD),然后endo-THDCPD进行异构化反应得到exoTHDCPD。一步法也是以DCPD为原料,但加氢和异构化反应同时进行。详细论述了两步法中endo-THDCPD异构化催化剂的类型及研究现状;简要介绍了DCPD一步法制备exo-THDCPD催化剂的研究进展;开发环境友好、高活性和高稳定性的一步法连续合成exo-THDCPD的催化剂是未来的发展趋势。     

基于模糊聚类和直觉模糊推理的合成旅油料需求预测

需求预测是合成旅组织油料保障的基础环节,对合成旅成功遂行军事行动有着比较重要的影响.由于合成旅组成结构的特殊性,传统预测方法存在较大弊端,因此,提出了基于模糊聚类和直觉模糊推理的合成旅油料需求预测方法.首先,通过模糊C均值聚类算法实现对历史案例的初步筛选,以提高案例检索速度.然后,构建了案例特征属性的主客观综合权重模型和基于直觉模糊集的案例检索模型,保证了案例检索的准确度.最后,构建了基于整体数据特征的合成旅油料需求预测模型.通过算例分析验证上述预测方法的可行性和实用性,证明了该方法有助于提高检索速度和预测准确度.     

Weak-Coordination Electrolyte Enabling Fast Li+ Transport in Lithium Metal Batteries at Ultra-Low Temperature

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are promising for next-generation high-energy-density batteries owing to the highest specific capacity and the lowest potential of Li metal anode. However, the LMBs are normally confronted with drastic capacity fading under extremely cold conditions mainly due to the freezing issue and sluggish Li⁺ desolvation process in commercial ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolyte at ultra-low temperature (e.g., below −30 °C). To overcome the above challenges, an anti-freezing carboxylic ester of methyl propionate (MP)-based electrolyte with weak Li⁺ coordination and low-freezing temperature (below −60 °C) is designed, and the corresponding LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (NCM811) cathode exhibits a higher discharge capacity of 84.2 mAh g⁻¹ and energy density of 195.0 Wh kg⁻¹_cathode than that of the cathode (1.6 mAh g⁻¹ and 3.9 Wh kg⁻¹_cathode) working in commercial EC-based electrolytes for NCM811‖ Li cell at −60 °C. Molecular dynamics simulation, Raman spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance characterizations reveal that rich mobile Li⁺ and the unique solvation structure with weak Li⁺ coordination are achieved in MP-based electrolyte, which collectively facilitate the Li⁺ transference process at low temperature. This work provides fundamental insights into low-temperature electrolytes by regulating solvation structure, and offers the basic guidelines for the design of low-temperature electrolytes for LMBs.